causative agent
Malaria, a disease that affects millions worldwide, is caused by a group of parasites known as Plasmodium. These microscopic organisms, specifically Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, and Plasmodium ovale, are transmitted to humans through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.
signs and symptoms
Malaria often manifests with a range of symptoms, including high fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. In some cases, it may also cause nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The cyclic nature of the disease, with symptoms recurring every few days, is a characteristic feature.
methods of transmission
The primary mode of malaria transmission is through the bite of infected mosquitoes. When a mosquito bites a person with malaria, it ingests the parasites along with the blood. These parasites then undergo development within the mosquito, eventually reaching the stage where they can infect another human when the mosquito feeds again. Malaria can also be transmitted through blood transfusions or from mother to child during pregnancy.
Controlling malaria
Controlling malaria involves a multi-faceted approach. It includes measures such as the use of insecticide-treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying to target mosquitoes, and prompt diagnosis and treatment of infected individuals. Additionally, efforts are underway to develop an effective malaria vaccine, which could be a game-changer in the fight against this disease.
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